Common Abnormalities and Solutions for Cartridge Dust Collectors
Issue: Filter Element Caking and Hardening
Impact:
Filter cartridge caking and hardening can cause a sharp decline in the air permeability of the filter elements, leading to increased operating resistance and higher energy consumption. In severe cases, it may even result in the dust collector failing to operate properly.
Cause Analysis:
1. Condensation-Induced Caking:
When the operating temperature of the dust collector falls below the acid dew point, water vapor in the flue gas condenses into liquid water, which mixes with dust and adheres to the surface of the filter elements, resulting in caking. Additionally, if the compressed air used for pulse cleaning has an excessively low temperature, it can cause the upper portion of the filter element to cool rapidly, leading to condensation.
2. Adhesive Caking:
Some types of dust inherently have strong adhesive properties, such as oily particles or ammonium sulfate generated during denitrification. When these particles come into contact with the fibers of the filter media, they adhere to the surface. Other types of dust may not be inherently sticky but can absorb moisture from the flue gas and undergo recrystallization reactions, forming new water-hardening or crystalline substances, such as calcium sulfate. These substances can create a "crust" on the surface of the filter elements.
3. Structural Caking:
Issues with the dust removal system or the structural design of the filter elements can lead to ineffective cleaning, allowing dust to gradually accumulate and harden. Additionally, improper dust collector design or operational issues, such as air leakage, can also contribute to filter bag caking.
Measures to Take:
1. Control the operating temperature of the dust collector to ensure it remains above the acid dew point, avoiding condensation.
2. Use dry and clean compressed air for pulse cleaning to prevent moisture, oil, and other impurities in the compressed air from causing the filter bags to become damp.
3. Regularly clean and maintain the filter elements, promptly removing dust and crusted substances from their surfaces.
4. Perform regular maintenance on the pulse jet system components to ensure proper operation and effective pulse cleaning.
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